Spencer Sweeney was born in 1973 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He graduated from the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in 1997. 

Sweeney's recent solo exhibitions include "The Painted Bride" at Gagosian, New York, New York (2024); "Amplifications" at The Karpidas Collection, Dallas, Texas (2023); "Perfect" at The Brant Foundation Art Study Center, Greenwich, Connecticut (2022); "Queue" at Gagosian, London, England (2021); "Tennis Elbow 111" at The Journal Gallery, New York, New York (2020); and "Smalls" at Gagosian, Paris, France (2019). Recent group exhibitions include "Human Nature" at The Journal Gallery, Los Angeles, California (2024); "A.R. Penck & Spencer Sweeney" at The Journal Gallery, New York, New York (2023); "Unapologetically" at The University of Chicago Booth School of Business, London, England (2022); and "Different Strokes" at Almine Rech, London, England (2021). 

Works by Sweeney are held in the High Museum of Art, Atlanta; the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York; and the Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA), Los Angeles.

Spencer Sweeney lives and works in New York, New York.